Multiclass Pesticide Residue Analysis in Fruit and Vegetable Samples by Combining Acetone-Based Salting-Out Assisted Extraction with Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction

Isolation and enrichment of multiclass pesticides’ residue, namely, fungicides (benalaxyl), herbicides (atrazine), carbamate insecticides (carbofuran), organophosphate (chlorpyrifos), organochlorine (4,4′-DDT), pyrethroid (bifenthrin), were made by combining acetone-based salting-out assisted extraction with the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (SADLLME) method, followed high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The effect type volume solvent in pretreatment step, disperser (acetone extract), solvent, pH, salt addition DLLME procedure was studied. Good coefficient determination (R2 ≥ 0.9964) obtained for all target analytes. limits quantification between 2.1 4.5 5.7 12.9 µg/kg, respectively, adequate factors ranging from 37.6 to 191. recoveries spiked blank tomato ranged 86.8 109.5%. limit proposed method lower than maximum residue set European Union. repeatability reproducibility precisions 2.9 8.0 4.9 9.5%, respectively. optimized validated applied quantify pesticides tomato, pear, apple, melon different markets. However, compounds studied this work not detected any real samples applied. Overall, results revealed that is useful sample preconcentration analytes fruits vegetables.